Field References

We've simplified laws into true/false statements. Here, you can read a description of each and every field in the following tables.

Gestational limits table fields

This table returns the restrictions on abortion access related to gestational limits, i.e. bans on abortion after a certain week in pregnancy. You can see supported queries for this table on the Tables & Queries page. Below are the fields and descriptive details in this table.

  • Type (example)

    string ("Florida")

    Description

    The state for which regulations apply

  • Type (example)

    int (99)

    Description

    Varying language within the laws was normalized as weeks since Last Menstrual Period (LMP) and is used here as the marker for the gestational limit of the respective state:

    null = no restriction

    99 = banned after “viability”

    6 = banned after the detection of fetal cardiac activity

    0 = complete ban

    Any number deviating from the above is the specified limit of that state.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    If checked, abortion is not banned if necessary to save the pregnant person's life.

  • Type (example)

    string, one of “Physical”, “Any” or “Major Bodily Function”

    Description

    Function": exceptions which permit abortion in the case where a person would suffer "substantial and irreversible impairment of a major bodily function" (which may include mental health)

    "Any": unspecified health (which may include mental health)

  • Type (example)

    string, one of: “Serious fetal anomaly” or “Lethal fetal anomaly”

    Description

    In some states, exceptions may be granted based on the health or status of the fetus. The language of these exceptions varies- here we distinguish between anomalies that are known to be lethal for the fetus and any others.

  • Type (example)

    bool (false)

    Description

    If true, exceptions may be granted in cases of rape or incest.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    If true, there are no restrictions for gestational limits in this state

  • Type (example)

    string(“Due to legal uncertainty based on another Wisconsin law from 1849, there are currently no active clinics in the state.”)

    Description

    If there is any additional context to understand about the legality in this state.

Insurance coverage table fields

This table covers abortion restrictions that specifically restrict what type of insurance coverage can be used to cover abortion (both Medicaid and private insurance). You can see supported queries for this table on the Tables & Queries page. Below are the fields and descriptive details in this table.

  • Type (example)

    string ("West Virginia")

    Description

    The state for which regulations apply.

    If checked, the state requires that require private health plans regulated by the state cover abortion.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • If checked, the state requires that require private health plans regulated by the state cover abortion.

    • These requirements do not apply to self-insured plans (in which the employer takes on all the risk, instead of contracting with a health insurer) as self-insured plans are regulated at the federal, not state, level.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • Few states require that private insurance cover abortion. If checked, private insurance may do so, but is not necessarily required to.

    • Private insurance here refers to non-self-insured plans. In self-insured plans, the employer takes on all the risk, instead of contracting with a health insurer; self-insured plans are regulated at the federal, not state, level.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • If checked then, despite other restrictions, the state allows private insurance coverage for cases where abortion is necessary to save the pregnant person's life.

    • Private insurance here refers to non-self-insured plans. In self-insured plans, the employer takes on all the risk, instead of contracting with a health insurer; self-insured plans are regulated at the federal, not state, level.

  • Type (example)

    string, "major bodily function" or null

    Description

    • If checked then, despite other restrictions, the state allows private insurance coverage for cases when the pregnant person's faces a "substantial and irreversible impairment of a major bodily function." In other words, a very serious health condition.

    • Private insurance here refers to non-self-insured plans. In self-insured plans, the employer takes on all the risk, instead of contracting with a health insurer; self-insured plans are regulated at the federal, not state, level.

  • Type (example)

    string, "Lethal fetal anomaly" or null

    Description

    • If checked then, despite other restrictions, the state allows private insurance coverage for cases when the fetus has a lethal fetal anomaly.

    • Private insurance here refers to non-self-insured plans. In self-insured plans, the employer takes on all the risk, instead of contracting with a health insurer; self-insured plans are regulated at the federal, not state, level.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • If checked then, despite other restrictions, the state allows private insurance coverage for cases of rape or incest.

    • Private insurance here refers to non-self-insured plans. In self-insured plans, the employer takes on all the risk, instead of contracting with a health insurer; self-insured plans are regulated at the federal, not state, level.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • If checked, the state has not restricted abortion coverage in ACA plans. Except in a few states that have required abortion coverage, a lack of restrictions does not mean that every plan offered in the Exchange will include abortion coverage.

    • Exchange plans refer to health plans offered in the state's Health Care Exchange that was established under the federal Affordable Care Act. The federal ACA law included a provision that encouraged states to adopt abortion coverage restrictions.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • If checked then, despite other restrictions, the state allows exchange insurance coverage for cases where abortion is necessary to save the pregnant person's life.

    • Exchange plans refer to health plans offered in the state's Health Care Exchange that was established under the federal Affordable Care Act. The federal ACA law included a provision that encouraged states to adopt abortion coverage restrictions.

  • Type (example)

    string, "major bodily function" or "physical"

    Description

    • If checked then, despite other restrictions, the state allows exchange insurance coverage for cases when the pregnant person's faces a "substantial and irreversible impairment of a major bodily function" or other serious impacts on "physical" health.

    • Exchange plans refer to health plans offered in the state's Health Care Exchange that was established under the federal Affordable Care Act. The federal ACA law included a provision that encouraged states to adopt abortion coverage restrictions.

  • Type (example)

    string, "Lethal fetal anomaly" or null

    Description

    • If checked then, despite other restrictions, the state allows exchange insurance coverage for cases when the fetus has a lethal fetal anomaly.

    • Exchange plans refer to health plans offered in the state's Health Care Exchange that was established under the federal Affordable Care Act. The federal ACA law included a provision that encouraged states to adopt abortion coverage restrictions.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • If checked then, despite other restrictions, the state allows exchange insurance coverage for cases of rape or incest.

    • Exchange plans refer to health plans offered in the state's Health Care Exchange that was established under the federal Affordable Care Act. The federal ACA law included a provision that encouraged states to adopt abortion coverage restrictions.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • If checked then the state prohibits any and all exchange insurance coverage for abortion

    • Exchange plans refer to health plans offered in the state's Health Care Exchange that was established under the federal Affordable Care Act. The federal ACA law included a provision that encouraged states to adopt abortion coverage restrictions."

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • If checked, the state has a policy in place to use Medicaid funds to pay for abortion, most of these states require coverage for "medically necessary" abortion. This is a vaguely-defined criterion usually based on a decision between a pregnant person and their medical provider and can include circumstances beyond physical health, such as mental or emotional health or familial situations.

    • Medicaid is a federal-state insurance program. Based on the Hyde amendment, states are required to use Medicaid funds to pay for abortion in cases of rape, of incest, or when the pregnant person's life is endangered; these are also the only circumstances in which federal Medicaid funds may be used to pay for abortion. Most states limit abortion coverage just to the Hyde amendment, though some states offer additional coverage (for example, when the pregnant person's health is at risk).

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • If checked then the state allows Medicaid insurance coverage for cases where abortion is necessary to save the pregnant person's life (this is required by the Hyde amendment).

    • Medicaid is a federal-state insurance program. Based on the Hyde amendment, states are required to use Medicaid funds to pay for abortion in cases of rape, of incest, or when the pregnant person's life is endangered; these are also the only circumstances in which federal Medicaid funds may be used to pay for abortion. Most states limit abortion coverage just to the Hyde amendment, though some states offer additional coverage (for example, when the pregnant person's health is at risk).

  • Type (example)

    string, "physical"

    Description

    • If checked then the state allows Medicaid insurance coverage for cases when the pregnant person's physical health is endangered.

    • Medicaid is a federal-state insurance program. Based on the Hyde amendment, states are required to use Medicaid funds to pay for abortion in cases of rape, of incest, or when the pregnant person's life is endangered; these are also the only circumstances in which federal Medicaid funds may be used to pay for abortion. Most states limit abortion coverage just to the Hyde amendment, though some states offer additional coverage (for example, when the pregnant person's health is at risk).

  • Type (example)

    string, "Serious fetal anomaly" or null

    Description

    • If checked then the state allows Medicaid insurance coverage for cases when the fetus has a serious or lethal fetal anomaly

    • Medicaid is a federal-state insurance program. Based on the Hyde amendment, states are required to use Medicaid funds to pay for abortion in cases of rape, of incest, or when the pregnant person's life is endangered; these are also the only circumstances in which federal Medicaid funds may be used to pay for abortion. Most states limit abortion coverage just to the Hyde amendment, though some states offer additional coverage (for example, when the pregnant person's health is at risk)."

  • Type (example)

    string, "Serious fetal anomaly" or null

    Description

    • "If checked then the state allows Medicaid insurance coverage for cases of rape or incest (this is required by the Hyde amendment).

    • Medicaid is a federal-state insurance program. Based on the Hyde amendment, states are required to use Medicaid funds to pay for abortion in cases of rape, of incest, or when the pregnant person's life is endangered; these are also the only circumstances in which federal Medicaid funds may be used to pay for abortion. Most states limit abortion coverage just to the Hyde amendment, though some states offer additional coverage (for example, when the pregnant person's health is at risk).

Minors table fields

This table covers abortion restrictions that specifically target minors. You can see supported queries for this table on the Tables & Queries page. Below are the fields and descriptive details in this table.

  • Type (example)

    string ("Florida")

    Description

    The state for which regulations apply

  • Type (example)

    int (17)

    Description

    • The age below which restrictions apply. For the most part, these restrictions apply to minors under the age of 18. There are a few exceptions, however.

    • If this field is null, there are no restrictions on minors' abortions currently being enforced.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • Parental consent means that a parent or parents must give permission for the minor to have an abortion. Some states require both consent and notification through separate laws.

    • Parental notification means that a parent or parents must be told beforehand of the minor's decision to have an abortion.

  • Type (example)

    int (1)

    Description

    • If 1, one parent must be notified. If 2, both parents must be notified. If null, there are no restrictions on minors' abortions currently being enforced.

    • Many, but not all, states have extended the definition of "parent" to include other adult guardians. If parents meeting the state's definition cannot be located, a minor would often need to secure a judicial bypass.

  • Type (example)

    bool (true)

    Description

    • This indicates whether a judge can excuse a minor from the required parental consent and/or notification.

    • This is available in most states with restrictions, and in some you can be excused by a doctor.

  • Type (example)

    bool (false)

    Description

    These states either explicitly grant a minor the ability to consent to an abortion (through the law) or implicitly allow a minor to consent (because no law expressly requires parental involvement or because a parental involvement law was struck down in the courts).

  • Type (example)

    string (“Minors can bypass restrictions within certain jurisdictions.”)

    Description

    If there is any additional context to add about restrictions related to minors in this state.

Waiting period table fields

This table covers abortion restrictions related to time periods that people must wait between receiving abortion counseling and getting abortion care. You can see supported queries for this table on the Tables & Queries page. Below are the fields and descriptive details in this table.

  • Type (example)

    string ("Florida")

    Description

    The state for which regulations apply

  • Type (example)

    int (48)

    Description

    • The number of hours someone must wait between receiving state mandated abortion counseling and obtaining an abortion. If null, no waiting period is in effect.Note that all states waive mandatory waiting period requirements in a medical emergency or when the woman's life or health is threatened.

  • Type (Example)

    int(2)

    Description

    Two separate conditions:

    1 = Counseling required by the state

    2 = Abortion counseling or ultrasound must be obtained at the facility before the waiting period begins, requiring two trips to the clinic

  • Type (Example)

    string (“In cases of emergency)

    Description

    If non-null, counseling requirement can be waived under certain conditions, described by the text field.

  • Type (Example)

    string (“Weekends and holidays do not count towards the 72-hour waiting period”)

    Description

    There are significant criteria to some waiting periods, so there are notes about them.

  • Type (example)

    string (“There are no clinics open in this state”)

    Description

    If there is any additional context to add about waiting periods in this state.